types:
bioscience,
life science
any of the branches of natural science dealing with the structure and behavior of living organisms
chemical science,
chemistry
the science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions
earth science
any of the sciences that deal with the earth or its parts
cosmography
the science that maps the general features of the universe; describes both heaven and earth (but without encroaching on geography or astronomy)
craniology
the scientific study of the skulls of various human races
dermatoglyphics
the study of the whorls and loops and arches in the fingertips and on the palms of the hand and the soles of the feet
dietetics
the scientific study of food preparation and intake
eugenics
the study or promotion of methods of selecting for specific genetic qualities by controlled breeding (especially as applied to human reproduction); now widely considered to be biased and unscientific
cacogenics,
dysgenics
the study of the operation of factors causing degeneration in the type of offspring produced
euthenics
the study of methods of improving human well-being and efficient functioning by improving environmental conditions
medical science
the science of dealing with the maintenance of health and the prevention and treatment of disease
chemoimmunology,
immunochemistry
the field of chemistry concerned with chemical processes in immunology (such as chemical studies of antigens and antibodies)
organic chemistry
the chemistry of compounds containing carbon (originally defined as the chemistry of substances produced by living organisms but now extended to substances synthesized artificially)
physical chemistry
the branch of chemistry dealing with the physical properties of chemical substances
electrochemistry
branch of chemistry that deals with the chemical action of electricity and the production of electricity by chemical reactions
femtochemistry
the branch of chemistry that studies elementary (often very fast) chemical reactions as they occur; the experimental methods are often based on the use of femtosecond laser pulses
geochemistry
the science that studies the physical makeup of the substances the earth and other planets are composed of
photochemistry
branch of chemistry that deals with the chemical action of light
surface chemistry
the branch of chemistry that studies processes occurring at interfaces between phases (especially those between liquid and gas)
astronomy,
uranology
the branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole
biophysics
physics as applied to biological problems
cryogenics,
cryogeny
the branch of physics that studies the phenomena that occur at very low temperatures
crystallography
the branch of science that studies the formation and structure of crystals
electronics
the branch of physics that deals with the emission and effects of electrons and with the use of electronic devices
electrostatics
the branch of physics that deals with static electricity
mechanics
the branch of physics concerned with the motion of bodies in a frame of reference
optics
the branch of physics that studies the physical properties of light
plasma physics
the branch of physics concerned with matter in its plasma phase
rheology
the branch of physics that studies the deformation and flow of matter
thermochemistry
the branch of chemistry that studies the relation between chemical action and the amount of heat absorbed or generated
solid-state physics
the branch of physics that studies the properties of materials in the solid state: electrical conduction in crystals of semiconductors and metals; superconductivity; photoconductivity
statistical mechanics
the branch of physics that makes theoretical predictions about the behavior of macroscopic systems on the basis of statistical laws governing its component particles
thermodynamics
the branch of physics concerned with the conversion of different forms of energy
geology
a science that deals with the history of the earth as recorded in rocks
meteorology
the earth science dealing with phenomena of the atmosphere (especially weather)
limnology
the scientific study of bodies of fresh water for their biological and physical and geological properties
geographics,
geography
study of the earth's surface; includes people's responses to topography and climate and soil and vegetation